Germany.csvExport
DATEV booking batch (EXTF): format, fields and import
What a DATEV Buchungsstapel file looks like, which fields your German tax advisor needs, and the mistakes that most often break the import.
Export formats
The files your accountant actually imports
What each country's tax and accounting format is, how it is built, who needs it, and how to hand it over without errors. Written for freelancers and the accountants who work with them.
France.txtExport
FEC (Fichier des Écritures Comptables): format and rules
What the French FEC file is, who must hand it over in a tax audit, how it is named and structured, and what the 18 columns contain.
Netherlands.xafExport
Auditfile Financieel (XAF): the Dutch audit file explained
What the Dutch Auditfile Financieel (XAF) is, when the Belastingdienst asks for it, how version 3.2 relates to XAF 4.0, and what bookkeepers do with it.
Spain.csvExport
Libro registro de facturas recibidas: Spain's purchase VAT book
What Spain's received-invoices VAT book must contain, who keeps it, the AEAT's standard XLSX format and how your asesor fiscal turns it into the Modelo 303.
Spain.pdfExport
Modelo 303: Spain's VAT return, deadlines and input VAT boxes
What the Spanish Modelo 303 is, who files it, the quarterly deadlines and how boxes 28 to 31 for deductible input VAT are filled from your received invoices.
Italy.csvExport
Registro IVA acquisti: Italy's purchase VAT register explained
What Italy's purchase VAT register must contain under art. 25 DPR 633/1972, the 2027 move to the new VAT code, who is exempt and how a commercialista uses it.
United Kingdom.csvExport
HMRC SA103F: self-employment full pages and expense boxes
When you need the SA103F instead of the short pages, what goes in expense boxes 17 to 30, and how Making Tax Digital for Income Tax changes the routine.
Germany.xml / .pdfE-invoice
ZUGFeRD vs XRechnung: Germany's e-invoice rules explained
What counts as an e-invoice in Germany, how ZUGFeRD and XRechnung differ, which deadlines apply from 2025 to 2028, and what small businesses must do now.